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From the current century, people are discussing the problem of “removing carbon”. Maybe now is the time to discuss nuclear issues with a way to fight against the “original nature” and push forward with a Sugar daddy instead of the previous “screaming” situation, or the attitude of each other and attacking each other.
(Source: WeChat public number “China Power Enterprise Governance” ID: zgdlqygl Author: Chen Minxi Edited)
If nuclear power occupies a place in the power system, what kind of color will it play in the future power system? How to ensure the economicality, timeliness of construction and investment accuracy of the site? What are the hypotheses about the development of new technologies in the nuclear energy field? What is the long-range plan for nuclear waste?
If nuclear power is finally added, what kind of power supply will meet the world’s growing power demand? Not only is the electricity demand for today’s residential use, but also the electricity required for gaseous transportation, heat supply and industrial power.
Earlier this year, nuclear energy generation was not mentioned in the Green New Deal, launched by american member Alexandria Ocasio Cortez and participant Ed Markey. So, is nuclear power maintenance or joining? New or suspended? Can we continue to invest in the next generation of nuclear technology? It is unknown from now on.
It is precisely because of this that we need to seriously consider the future problems of the CR&A. Whether you are an ultimate anti-nuclear campaigner or a popular fan of new technologies.
The challenges faced
First of all, it is how to deal with the challenge of “carbon removal”.
As the IPCC report in October of previous years, the global “carbon-removing” economy must maintain its goal of “2 degrees Celsius” in the agreement with Paris on a different path. By 2030, the world must reduce carbon emissions by 20%. If the target is set at “1.5 degrees Celsius”, the demand will reduce Sugar baby45% carbon emissions. And in the past 18 years,Carbon emissions in the global dynamic sector have increased by more than 40%.
The power sector is the world’s largest carbon emission source – accounting for 42% of the total carbon dioxide emissions, and the proportion of “escape methane” can be more important. Therefore, by the end of the next decade, the carbon emission reduction plan requires the “carbon removal” in the power sector as the central area. Because it is not only the largest source of emissions, but also the most suitable area for the domestic market to solve problems.
In 2018, the total power generated in the global power sector exceeded 26,000 terawatts. According to the data of BloombergNEF, nuclear power accounts for about 10% of this; fossil fuels account for 63%, and coal electricity is the largest basic power, accounting for 37%; followed by natural gas, accounting for 23%. Renewable power supplies 26% of the electricity supply, with the largest contributors being hydroelectric, accounting for 16%; wind and solar energy generation account for 4.8% and 2.2% respectively, accounting for only 7% of the total electricity generation.
But it is worth mentioning that although the total power generation is only 7%, it has become an extraordinary achievement for global wind and solar power generation – it has attracted attention since the intersection of the century, and these new dynamic power generation technology battles have led to the grand Chu Song Wei. The capital was ineffective and promoted a comprehensive transformation of technical standards and market structure.
But think about it in the past 20 years, as well as investment of nearly 30,000 US dollars, the power generation of wind and solar power still accounts for only 7%, meeting only 3% of the final power demand. So, when we talk about the global power system’s “carbon removal” goal by 2030, wind and solar power generation are not particularly admirable “springboards”. Therefore, under the conditions of economic growth reaching a certain level, if the power industry is planned to achieve a 20% or 45% carbon reduction target in the power industry, then in the next decade, the demand for wind and solar power generation will increase by 2 to 4 times the total capacity, that is, 2 to 4 times the total capacity in the past 20 years.
BNEF compared the “New Energy Outlook for 2019” (2019) points out that “with existing technology, although we do not expect to reach the upper limit of the temperature control area, in today’s development path, we can definitely not reach the lower limit of this area.”
As we have seen, the reality is always a period of imagination. Because the electricCarbon emissions in the power sector only account for 42% of the entire power system emissions, and in the heat supply, transportation and industrial sectors, the path to carbon emission reduction is also realized in the power sector, whether it is direct, or through carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology, or through certain situations of electricity.
If the entire power system’s carbon removal target is converted into the power field goal, it means that before 2Escort manila030, the power field demand achieved a 30% or 90% reduction, so that it will be maintained in the “2 degrees Celsius” or “1.5 degrees Celsius” operating track respectively. This also means that another 10 to 15 times the capacity of the current wind power and solar power generation machine. Of course, we cannot ignore the progress of the power effect, just as the International Power Agency (IEA) just established the Global Committee on Power Effective Emergency Operations. Even if we can assume that global economy will continue to grow smoothly and its power strength will be reduced by a quarter in the next decade, the above improvement rates we have been waiting for have never seen since the current situation.
So, we still need to look forward to the accumulation of existing production capacity 5 to 10 times, but in fact, the rapid growth rate of wind and solar power generation will be accompanied by certain levels of production capacity reduction in the future.
Nuclear Power Re-examination
In 2018, EON produced 11.5 terawatts of electricity at the Isar-2 nuclear power station in Bavaria. This nuclear power station was built in 1988 and is the second largest nuclear power station in the world. In comparison, all 6100 Taiwan radio units in Denmark produced 13.9 terawatts of time in 2018. In other words, the “zero carbon” power generation of a nuclear power plant is 83% of all Danish radio plants.
If the Isar-2’s operating life can run safely for 60 years, that is, to 2048, it will continue to produce a large number of “zero carbon” power, but unfortunately Sugar daddy, it will close in 2022.
In 2018, renewable power provided 36% of German power consumers’ demand for electricity, and, likewise, renewable<a href="https://phThe power of the UK also meets 34% of the UK's power demand. While adding renewable power supply, the UK has maintained its nuclear power generation capabilities, reducing its carbon dioxide emission strength by half to 222gCO2/kWh, but Germany chose to close its nuclear power stations to make the Sugar daddy babyThe strength of its carbon dioxide emissions reaches 490gCO2/kWh, more than twice the strength of the UK.
Although Germany has closed its major coal-fired power plants, the strength of the German power system will still exceed 300gCO2/kWh so far. In France’s power system, 72% of the electricity is based on nuclear energy. As we all know, the strength of the country’s carbon emissions is less than 100gCO2/kWh.
According to previous years’ recommendations by the Coal Committee, until 2038 Germany’s coal and electricity were only fully joined in 2018, and this was incompletely different from the “2 degrees Celsius” agreement. At the same time, Germany did not show its willingness to restore its closed nuclear power station.
This will lead to a “tragedy” in the climate, just as Germany’s anti-nuclear activists Scholars will also be planned by history as fossil fuel promoters on a unified war. But more importantly, even if the remaining seven nuclear stations in Germany will not be “saved”, other countries have not used the imitation of Germany’s practices – closing existing high-function and safe nuclear stations.
People today pay more attention to the safety of nuclear power. From a viewpoint, nuclear power is one of the safest dynamic power generation technologies today. A 2016 study and discussion revealed that during the coal-fired power generation process every terawatt, about 224 people died, among which Including mining, path changes, air and water purification, the number of dead people is more than 2,000 times that of solar power, wind and nuclear power.
In addition to safety, the discussions of anti-nuclear people are also economical. If this is the case, The conditions established by the american Nuclear Energy Research Institute’s budget statement that the average power cost of the existing american nuclear power unit in 2018 was only US$33.50 per megawatt.
International Power The IEA recently published a report titled “Nuclear P TC:
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